The information here describes the ingredient in general. Its possible sources may vary and do not necessarily show the origin or form used in a particular YUMA product. For product-specific information, check the relevant product page.
Bergamot is the fruit of the bergamot tree, which belongs to the Rutaceae family and the Citrus genus. Widely used in perfumery, it appears frequently in eaux fraîches, colognes, and chypre compositions when paired with bergamot, patchouli, and cistus essential oils, as well as green labdanum cistus absolute and oakmoss absolute. It brings freshness to top notes and lightens oriental compositions.
The bergamot essential oil used in perfumery is typically bergapten-free, having undergone processing to remove bergaptenes, which are substances that can cause photosensitivity.
Citrus fruits, including bergamot, currently face a serious threat from the citrus greening disease. This fatal disease, for which there is no cure, is transmitted by a vector insect called the psylla that attacks young shoots. The result is the premature death of many trees and a decline in both the production and quality of the essential oil, marked by a characteristic reduction in limonene levels.
Bergamot is named after the Italian city of Bergamo, where it was extensively cultivated. Although its exact origin remains uncertain, its connection to this region has defined its identity for centuries.
Anyone who has enjoyed a cup of Earl Grey tea has already tasted the distinctive aroma of bergamot. Bergamot essential oil is the key ingredient that gives this popular tea its unique scent.
Before bergapten is removed, bergamot oil can cause photosensitivity, a reaction that makes skin extremely sensitive to sunlight. For this reason, modern perfumery uses almost exclusively bergapten-free oil.
The IFRA Standards form an industry self-regulatory system. They may prohibit or restrict the use of particular fragrance ingredients, or set specifications, according to end use. The status below reflects the IFRA data recorded for this ingredient. It is not a product certification and does not replace applicable law or assessment of the finished product.
IFRA categories group end uses by the type and level of exposure. A restriction or maximum concentration applies only to the stated category and does not automatically apply to another use. Check the related IFRA document for the applicable Standard version and its full conditions.
| Category | Max concentration |
|---|---|
| 1. Lip products and children's toys | 0.4% |
| 2. Deodorants and antiperspirants | 0.4% |
| 3. Face cosmetics and masks | 0.4% |
| 4. Perfumes and fragranced products | 0.4% |
| 5A. Body lotions and powders | 0.4% |
| 5B. Face moisturizers and toners | 0.4% |
| 5C. Hand creams and sanitizers | 0.4% |
| 5D. Baby care products | 0.4% |
| 6. Oral care products | 0.4% |
| 7A. Rinse-off hair treatments | – |
| 7B. Leave-on hair products | 0.4% |
| 8. Intimate care products | 0.4% |
| 9. Rinse-off body products | – |
| 10A. Home care (non-aerosol) | – |
| 10B. Household aerosols and sprays | 0.4% |
| 11A. Products with minimal skin contact (no UV exposure) | – |
| 11B. Products with minimal skin contact (UV exposure) | 0.4% |
| 12. Products with no direct skin contact | – |